I know that sounds complicated. Ah, gotcha. That free will is incoherent regardless of reductionism or not. That is a fine syllogism, given the premises. In fact, even if we assert some non-material or spiritual assertion, or some non-temporal assertion, and so on…free will is too logically incoherent to fit in with any model.
I go over these in great detail in my book. That being said, I do agree with you that the mind is completely dependent on the brain, and that the brain is physical. He makes a good case against strong emergentism. But this is a very long topic. The mental causation argument I made above is different, and is just as important. Free Will Determinism Indeterminism Probabilism. The following two tabs change content below.
Bio Latest Posts. He's an author, philosopher, artist, content creator, and entrepreneur. He has loved and immersed himself in philosophy since he was teenager.
It is his first and strongest passion. Throughout the years he has built a philosophy based on analytic logic and critical thinking. Some of the topics he is most interested in are of a controversial variety, but his passion for the topics and their importance drives him to want to express these ideas to others. His other passions include pen and ink line art and digital artwork. Latest posts by 'Trick Slattery see all. James says:. November 13, at am. It supports the idea of psychology as a science, as if you have one or two factors causing the behaviour they can be tested with scientific techniques.
Limitations of reductionism: - ignores extraneous variables and other possible causes of behaviour -complex behaviour cannot be reduced to simple one or two factors as the human mind and behaviour does not work this way. An alternative approach can be taken such as holism humanistic approach which takes into account all factors that may influence an individuals behaviour. Determinism is suggesting that a certain factor is the sole cause of behaviour. For example, cause of aggression is genetic predisposition biological approach , or the cause of aggression is social learning behavioural approach.
These ignore other factors, e. This is a limitation as there is supporting evidence for all approaches, e. One approach may not be the sole cause of a behaviour. At Scoodle we understand that everyone learns in a different way. Some people learn through practice, using essays and notes; others prefer video lessons to watch and learn, some just need help with a specifically hard question, while some learn best 1-on-1 tutoring sessions.
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This is called environmental reductionism because it explains behavior in terms of simple simple building blocks of S-R stimulus-response and that complex behavior is a series of S-R chains. Behaviorists reduce the concept of the mind to behavioral components, i.
This view clearly has implications for treatment. Gender can also be reduced to biological factors e. Also, language can be reduced to structures in the brain, e. Another example of biological reductionism is aggression — e. More recent computer innovations, such as the Internet and connectionist networks can be described as holist because the network behaves differently from the individual parts that go to make it up.
The whole appears to be greater than the sum of its parts. The use of a reductionist approach to behavior can be a useful one in allowing scientific study to be carried out. Scientific study requires the isolation of variables to make it possible to identify the causes of behavior. Breaking complicated behaviors down to small parts means that they can be scientifically tested.
Then, over time, explanations based on scientific evidence will emerge. For example, research into the genetic basis on mental disorders has enabled researchers to identify specific genes believed to be responsible for schizophrenia. This way a reductionist approach enables the scientific causes of behavior to be identified and advances the possibility of scientific study. A reductionist approach to studying mental disorders has led to the development of effective chemical treatments.
However, some would argue that the reductionist view lacks validity. For instance, we can see how the brain responds to particular musical sounds by viewing it in a scanner, but how you feel when you hear certain pieces of music is not something a scanner can ever reveal.
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